Xenophon, Memorabilia

Apomnêmoneumatôn D

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VI. hôs de kai dialektikôterous^* epoiei tous sunontas, peirasomai kai touto legein. Sôkratês gar tous men eidotas ti hekaston eiê⁺ tôn ontôn enomize kai tois allois an exêgeisthai dunasthai: tous de mê eidotas ouden ephê thaumaston einai^* autous te sphallesthai kai allous sphallein: hôn heneka^* skopôn^* sun tois sunousi, ti hekaston eiê tôn ontôn, oudepot' elêge. panta men oun^** hêi diôrizeto^* polu ergon an eiê diexelthein: en hosois de ton tropon^* tês episkepseôs dêlôsein oimai, tosauta lexô. [2] prôton de peri eusebeias hôde^* pôs^* eskopei: eipe moi, ephê, ô Euthudême, poion^* ti nomizeis eusebeian einai; kai hos^*, kalliston nê Di', ephê. echeis oun eipein hopoios tis ho eusebês estin; emoi men dokei, ephê, ho tous theous timôn. exesti de hon an tis boulêtai tropon tous theous timan; ouk alla nomoi eisi kath' hous dei tous theous timan. [3] oukoun ho tous nomous toutous eidôs eideiê an hôs dei tous theous timan; oimai egôg', ephê. ar' oun ho eidôs hôs dei tous theous timan ouk allôs^* oietai dein touto poiein ê hôs oiden; ou gar oun^*, ephê. allôs de tis theous timai ê hôs oietai dein; [4] ouk oimai, ephê. ho ara ta peri tous theous nomima eidôs nomimôs an tous theous timôiê; panu men oun. oukoun ho ge nomimôs timôn hôs dei timai; pôs gar ou; ho de ge hôs dei timôn eusebês esti; panu men oun, ephê. ho ara ta peri tous theous nomima eidôs orthôs^* an hêmin^* eusebês hôrismenos eiê; emoi goun, ephê, dokei.

[5] anthrôpois^* de ara exestin hon an tis tropon boulêtai chrêsthai^*; ouk alla kai peri toutous [ho eidôs ha] esti nomima kath' ha dei [pôs] allêlois chrêsthai^*[, nomimos an eiê]. oukoun hoi kata tauta⁺ chrômenoi allêlois hôs dei chrôntai; pôs gar ou; oukoun hoi ge hôs dei chrômenoi kalôs chrôntai; panu men oun, ephê. oukoun hoi ge tois anthrôpois kalôs chrômenoi kalôs prattousi ta anthrôpeia pragmata; eikos g', ephê. oukoun hoi tois nomois peithomenoi dikaia houtoi^* poiousi; [6] panu men oun, ephê. dikaia de ephê, oistha hopoia kaleitai; ha hoi nomoi keleuousin, ephê. hoi ara poiountes ha hoi nomoi keleuousi dikaia te poiousi kai ha dei; pôs gar ou; oukoun hoi ge ta dikaia poiountes dikaioi eisin; oiomai egôg', ephê. oiei oun tinas peithesthai tois nomois mê eidotas ha hoi nomoi keleuousin; ouk egôg', ephê. eidotas de ha dei poiein oiei tinas oiesthai dein mê tauta poiein; ouk oimai, ephê. oidas^* de tinas alla poiountas ê ha oiontai dein; ouk egôg', ephê. hoi ara ta peri anthrôpous nomima eidotes houtoi ta dikaia poiousi; panu men oun, ephê. oukoun hoi ge ta dikaia poiountes dikaioi eisi; tines gar alloi; ephê. orthôs an pote ara horizoimetha horizomenoi dikaious einai tous eidotas ta peri anthrôpous nomima; emoige dokei, ephê.

[7] sophian^* de ti an phêsaimen einai; eipe moi, potera soi dokousin hoi sophoi, ha epistantai, tauta^* sophoi einai, ê eisi tines ha mê epistantai sophoi; ha epistantai dêlon hoti, ephê: pôs gar an tis, ha ge mê epistaito⁺, tauta sophos⁺ eiê; ar' oun hoi sophoi epistêmêi sophoi eisi; tini gar an, ephê, allôi tis eiê sophos, ei ge mê epistêmêi; allo de ti sophian oiei einai ê hôi sophoi eisin^*; ouk egôge. epistêmê ara sophia estin; emoige dokei. ar' oun dokei soi anthrôpôi dunaton einai ta onta^* panta epistasthai^*; oude^* ma Di' emoige polloston meros autôn. panta men ara sophon ouch hoion te anthrôpon einai; ma Di' ou dêta, ephê. ho ara epistatai hekastos, touto kai sophos estin; emoige dokei.

[8] ar' oun, ô Euthudême, kai tagathon houtô^* zêtêteon esti; pôs; ephê. dokei soi to auto pasin ôphelimon einai; ouk emoige. ti de; to allôi ôphelimon^* ou dokei soi eniote allôi blaberon einai; kai mala, ephê. allo d' an ti phaiês agathon einai ê to ôphelimon; ouk egôg', ephê. to ara ôphelimon agathon estin hotôi an ôphelimon êi; dokei moi, ephê.

[9] to de kalon echoimen an pôs allôs eipein; †ê, ei estin, onomazeis† kalon ê sôma ê skeuos ê all' hotioun, ho oistha pros panta kalon on; ma Di' ouk egôg', ephê. ar' oun, pros ho an hekaston chrêsimon êi, pros touto hekastôi kalôs echei chrêsthai^*; panu men oun, ephê. kalon de pros allo ti estin hekaston ê pros ho hekastôi kalôs echei chrêsthai; oude pros hen allo, ephê. to chrêsimon ara kalon esti pros ho an êi chrêsimon; emoige dokei, ephê.

[10] andreian^* de, ô Euthudême, ara tôn kalôn nomizeis einai; kalliston men oun egôg', ephê. chrêsimon ara ou pros ta elachista nomizeis tên andreian; nê Di', ephê, pros ta megista men oun. ar' oun dokei soi pros ta deina te kai epikinduna chrêsimon einai to agnoein auta; hêkista g', ephê. hoi ara mê phoboumenoi ta toiauta dia to mê eidenai ti estin ouk andreioi eisi; nê Di', ephê, polloi gar an houtô ge tôn te mainomenôn kai tôn deilôn andreioi eien. ti de hoi kai ta mê deina^* dedoikotes^*; eti^* ge nê Di' hêtton^*, ephê. ar' oun tous men agathous pros ta deina kai epikinduna ontas andreious hêgêi einai, tous de kakous deilous; [11] panu men oun, ephê. agathous de pros ta toiauta nomizeis allous tinas ê tous dunamenous autois kalôs chrêsthai; ouk alla toutous, ephê. kakous de ara tous hoious^* toutois kakôs chrêsthai; tinas gar allous; ephê. ar' oun hekastoi chrôntai hôs oiontai dein; pôs gar allôs; ephê. ar' oun hoi mê dunamenoi kalôs chrêsthai isasin hôs dei chrêsthai; ou dêpou ge, ephê. hoi ara eidotes hôs dei chrêsthai, houtoi kai dunantai; monoi^* g', ephê. ti de; hoi mê diêmartêkotes^* ara kakôs chrôntai tois toioutois; ouk oiomai, ephê. hoi ara kakôs chrômenoi diêmartêkasin; eikos g', ephê. hoi men ara epistamenoi tois deinois te kai epikindunois kalôs chrêsthai andreioi eisin, hoi de diamartanontes^* toutou^* deiloi; emoige dokousin, ephê.

[12] basileian de kai turannida archas men amphoteras hêgeito einai, diapherein de allêlôn enomize. tên men gar hekontôn te tôn anthrôpôn^* kai kata nomous^* tôn poleôn^* archên basileian hêgeito, tên de akontôn te kai mê kata nomous, all' hopôs ho archôn bouloito, turannida. kai hopou men ek tôn ta nomima^* epitelountôn^* hai archai kathistantai, tautên men tên politeian aristokratian enomizen einai, hopou d' ek timêmatôn^*, ploutokratian, hopou d' ek pantôn, dêmokratian.

[13] ei de tis autôi peri tou antilegoi mêden echôn saphes legein, all' aneu apodeixeôs êtoi^* sophôteron^* phaskôn einai hon autos legoi^* ê politikôteron ê andreioteron ê allo ti tôn toioutôn, epi tên hupothesin^* epanêgen^* an panta ton logon hôde pôs: [14] phêis su ameinô politên einai hon su epaineis ê hon egô; phêmi gar oun^*+. ti oun ouk ekeino prôton epeskepsametha^*, ti estin ergon agathou politou; poiômen touto. oukoun en men chrêmatôn^* dioikêsei kratoiê^* an ho chrêmasin euporôteran tên polin poiôn; panu men oun. en de ge polemôi ho kathuperteran^* tôn antipalôn; pôs gar ou; en de presbeiai ar' hos an philous anti polemiôn paraskeuazêi; eikos ge. oukoun kai en dêmêgoriai ho staseis te pauôn kai homonoian empoiôn; emoige dokei. houtô de tôn logôn epanagomenôn^* kai tois antilegousin autois phaneron egigneto talêthes. [15] hopote^* de autos ti tôi logôi diexioi^*, dia tôn malista homologoumenôn eporeueto^*+, nomizôn tautên tên asphaleian einai logou^*. toigaroun^* polu malista hôn egô oida^*, hote legoi, tous akouontas homologountas pareiche. ephê de kai Homêron^* tôi Odussei anatheinai^* to asphalê rhêtora einai, hôs hikanon^* auton onta dia tôn dokountôn tois anthrôpois^* agein tous logous.

Further comments from Josiah Renick Smith, Xenophon: Memorabilia:
book 4 (general note)
book 4, chapter 6 (general note)
book 4, chapter 6, section 10: ou
book 4, chapter 6, section 10: kakous
book 4, chapter 6, section 11: alla
book 4, chapter 6, section 12: archas
book 4, chapter 6, section 6: pote
book 4, chapter 6, section 9: ê

Cross references from Herbert Weir Smyth, A Greek Grammar for Colleges:
2341 [Sixth Form of Conditions: PAST GENERAL CONDITIONS]
2665 [INDIRECT (DEPENDENT) QUESTIONS]
2186 [ASSIMILATION OF MOODS]

Cross references from Raphael Kühner, Friedrich Blass, Ausführliche Grammatik der Griechischen Sprache (ed. Ildar Ibraguimov):
72 [Bewegliche Konsonanten im Auslaute.]

Cross references from Raphael Kühner, Bernhard Gerth, Ausführliche Grammatik der griechischen Sprache (ed. Ildar Ibraguimov):
392 [Der Indikativ (Imperativ) in Verbindung mit an (ke).).]
465 [Gebrauch des Artikels bei Pronomen und Zahlwörtern mit und ohne Substantiv.]
423 [Der eigentliche Dativ.]

Cross references from Raphael Kühner, Bernhard Gerth, Ausführliche Grammatik der griechischen Sprache (ed. Ildar Ibraguimov):
555 [Kasus des Relativs. — Attraktion oder Assimilation des Kasus.]
591 [Von der Beantwortung der Frage.]
551 [Bemerkungen.]

Cross references from W. Walter Merry, James Riddell, D. B. Monro, Commentary on the Odyssey (1886):
8, 171 [Book 8 (th)]

Cross references from A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities (1890) (eds. William Smith, LLD, William Wayte, G. E. Marindin):
oligarchia [oligarchia]

Cross references from William Watson Goodwin, Syntax of the Moods and Tenses of the Greek Verb:
531 [(b) Future Conditions.]
162 [Iterative Imperfect and Aorist with an.—Ionic Iterative Forms in -skon and -skomên.]
466 [II. Present and Past General Suppositions.]
177 [Optative.]

Cross references from Josiah Renick Smith, Xenophon: Memorabilia:
3, 9, 1
4, 1, 2
3, 11, 15
3, 8, 4

Cross references from James Adam, The Republic of Plato:
7, 531E
7, 522A
2, 378C
2, 379B
5, 457B

This text is based on the following book(s):
Xenophon. Xenophontis opera omnia, vol. 2, 2nd edn. Oxford, Clarendon Press. 1921 (repr. 1971).
OCLC: 5877369
ISBN: 019814556X

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